Jacob (Yaqub)

يعقوب (إسرائيل)

c. 1850–1700 BCE

Son of Ishaq (Isaac), grandson of Ibrahim (Abraham). Also called Israel, meaning "one who strives with God." Father of the 12 tribes of Israel. Known for his dream of the heavenly ladder at Bethel and his final counsel to his sons to uphold monotheism.

Timeline

1850 BCE

Birth (twin with Esau)

الولادة (توأم مع عيسو)

Born to Isaac (Ishaq) and Rebekah as the younger twin of Esau

1800 BCE

Dream at Bethel

رؤيا بيت إيل

Flees to Haran; sees the heavenly ladder with angels ascending and descending

1793 BCE

Marriage to Leah & Rachel

الزواج من ليا وراحيل

Marries Leah then Rachel after serving their father Laban for fourteen years

1780 BCE

Wrestles with the angel

المصارعة مع الملَك

Wrestles with a divine being at Peniel; receives the name Israel

1775 BCE

Returns to Canaan

العودة إلى كنعان

Returns to Canaan with his family and reconciles with Esau

1760 BCE

Twelve sons

الأسباط الاثنا عشر

Father of twelve sons who become the twelve tribes of Israel

1720 BCE

Reunion with Yusuf in Egypt

لقاء يوسف في مصر

Reunited with his son Yusuf (Joseph) in Egypt after decades of separation

1700 BCE

Death in Egypt

الوفاة في مصر

Dies in Egypt after counseling his sons to worship God alone; buried in Hebron

Scripture Comparison

Theme الموضوع	Quran القرآن الكريم	Torah / Old Testament التوراة	New Testament العهد الجديد	Talmud / Midrash التلمود / المدراش	Book of Mormon كتاب مورمون	Avesta الأفستا	Gnostic Texts النصوص الغنوصية
Blessed Lineage النسل المبارك	Al-Anbiya 21:72-73 وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ نَافِلَةً ۖ وَكُلًّا جَعَلْنَا صَالِحِينَ ﴿٧٢﴾ وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فِعْلَ الْخَيْرَاتِ وَإِقَامَ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءَ الزَّكَاةِ ۖ وَكَانُوا لَنَا عَابِدِينَ ﴿٧٣﴾ And We granted him Isaac and Jacob in addition, and all [of them] We made righteous. (72) And We made them leaders guiding by Our command. And We inspired to them the doing of good deeds, establishment of prayer, and giving of zakah; and they were worshippers of Us. (73) Maryam 19:49-50 فَلَمَّا اعْتَزَلَهُمْ وَمَا يَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ ۖ وَكُلًّا جَعَلْنَا نَبِيًّا ﴿٤٩﴾ وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُم مِّن رَّحْمَتِنَا وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ لِسَانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيًّا ﴿٥٠﴾ So when he had left them and those they worshipped other than Allah, We gave him Isaac and Jacob, and each [of them] We made a prophet. (49) And We gave them of Our mercy, and We made for them a reputation of high honor. (50)	Genesis 35:10-12 وَقَالَ لَهُ اللهُ: «اسْمُكَ يَعْقُوبُ. لاَ يُدْعَى اسْمُكَ فِيمَا بَعْدُ يَعْقُوبَ بَلْ يَكُونُ اسْمُكَ إِسْرَائِيلَ». فَدَعَا اسْمَهُ إِسْرَائِيلَ. وَقَالَ لَهُ اللهُ: «أَنَا اللهُ الْقَدِيرُ. أَثْمِرْ وَاكْثُرْ. أُمَّةٌ وَجَمَاعَةُ أُمَمٍ تَكُونُ مِنْكَ، وَمُلُوكٌ سَيَخْرُجُونَ مِنْ صُلْبِكَ. وَالأَرْضُ الَّتِي أَعْطَيْتُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْحَاقَ، لَكَ أُعْطِيهَا، وَلِنَسْلِكَ مِنْ بَعْدِكَ أُعْطِي الأَرْضَ». God said to him, "Your name is Jacob, but you will no longer be called Jacob; your name will be Israel." So he named him Israel. And God said to him, "I am God Almighty; be fruitful and increase in number. A nation and a community of nations will come from you, and kings will be among your descendants. The land I gave to Abraham and Isaac I also give to you, and I will give this land to your descendants after you."	Romans 9:10-13 وَلَيْسَ ذلِكَ فَقَطْ، بَلْ رِفْقَةُ أَيْضًا وَهِيَ حُبْلَى مِنْ وَاحِدٍ وَهُوَ إِسْحَاقُ أَبُونَا. لأَنَّهُ وَهُمَا لَمْ يُولَدَا بَعْدُ، وَلاَ فَعَلاَ خَيْرًا أَوْ شَرًّا، لِكَيْ يَثْبُتَ قَصْدُ اللهِ حَسَبَ الاخْتِيَارِ، لاَ مِنَ الأَعْمَالِ بَلْ مِنَ الَّذِي يَدْعُو، قِيلَ لَهَا: «إِنَّ الْكَبِيرَ يُسْتَعْبَدُ لِلصَّغِيرِ». كَمَا هُوَ مَكْتُوبٌ: «أَحْبَبْتُ يَعْقُوبَ وَأَبْغَضْتُ عِيسُوَ». Not only that, but Rebekah's children were conceived at the same time by our father Isaac. Yet, before the twins were born or had done anything good or bad — in order that God's purpose in election might stand: not by works but by him who calls — she was told, "The older will serve the younger." Just as it is written: "Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated."	—	2 Nephi 6:4-5 ولقد تكلّمت معكم عن أمور كثيرة... لكي تعرفوا العهود التي عقدها الرب مع بيت إسرائيل كلّه. إنه قد تكلّم إلى اليهود بفم أنبيائه القدّيسين حتى تأتي الأيام التي يُردّون فيها إلى الكنيسة الحقيقية. "And I have spoken unto you concerning many things... that ye might know concerning the covenants of the Lord that he has covenanted with all the house of Israel. He has spoken unto the Jews, by the mouth of his holy prophets, even until the time that they should be restored to the true church."	—	—
The Dream at Bethel رؤيا بيت إيل	Yusuf 12:4-6 إِذْ قَالَ يُوسُفُ لِأَبِيهِ يَا أَبَتِ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ أَحَدَ عَشَرَ كَوْكَبًا وَالشَّمْسَ وَالْقَمَرَ رَأَيْتُهُمْ لِي سَاجِدِينَ ﴿٤﴾ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ لَا تَقْصُصْ رُؤْيَاكَ عَلَىٰ إِخْوَتِكَ فَيَكِيدُوا لَكَ كَيْدًا ۖ إِنَّ الشَّيْطَانَ لِلْإِنسَانِ عَدُوٌّ مُّبِينٌ ﴿٥﴾ وَكَذَٰلِكَ يَجْتَبِيكَ رَبُّكَ وَيُعَلِّمُكَ مِن تَأْوِيلِ الْأَحَادِيثِ وَيُتِمُّ نِعْمَتَهُ عَلَيْكَ وَعَلَىٰ آلِ يَعْقُوبَ كَمَا أَتَمَّهَا عَلَىٰ أَبَوَيْكَ مِن قَبْلُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْحَاقَ ﴿٦﴾ When Joseph said to his father, "O my father, indeed I have seen eleven stars and the sun and the moon; I saw them prostrating to me." (4) He said, "O my son, do not relate your vision to your brothers or they will contrive against you a plan. Indeed Satan, to man, is a manifest enemy. (5) And thus will your Lord choose you and teach you the interpretation of narratives and complete His favor upon you and upon the family of Jacob, as He completed it upon your fathers before, Abraham and Isaac." (6)	Genesis 28:10-15 فَخَرَجَ يَعْقُوبُ مِنْ بِئْرِ سَبْعٍ وَذَهَبَ نَحْوَ حَارَانَ. وَصَادَفَ مَكَانًا وَبَاتَ هُنَاكَ لأَنَّ الشَّمْسَ كَانَتْ قَدْ غَابَتْ. وَأَخَذَ مِنْ حِجَارَةِ الْمَكَانِ وَوَضَعَهُ تَحْتَ رَأْسِهِ، فَاضْطَجَعَ فِي ذلِكَ الْمَكَانِ. وَرَأَى حُلْمًا، وَإِذَا سُلَّمٌ مَنْصُوبَةٌ عَلَى الأَرْضِ وَرَأْسُهَا يَمَسُّ السَّمَاءَ، وَهُوَذَا مَلاَئِكَةُ اللهِ صَاعِدَةٌ وَنَازِلَةٌ عَلَيْهَا. وَهُوَذَا الرَّبُّ وَاقِفٌ عَلَيْهَا، فَقَالَ: «أَنَا الرَّبُّ إِلهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ أَبِيكَ وَإِلهُ إِسْحَاقَ. الأَرْضُ الَّتِي أَنْتَ مُضْطَجِعٌ عَلَيْهَا أُعْطِيهَا لَكَ وَلِنَسْلِكَ. وَيَكُونُ نَسْلُكَ كَتُرَابِ الأَرْضِ. وَهَا أَنَا مَعَكَ، وَأَحْفَظُكَ حَيْثُمَا تَذْهَبُ». Jacob left Beersheba and set out for Harran. When he reached a certain place, he stopped for the night because the sun had set. Taking one of the stones there, he put it under his head and lay down to sleep. He had a dream in which he saw a stairway resting on the earth, with its top reaching to heaven, and the angels of God were ascending and descending on it. There above it stood the LORD, and he said: "I am the LORD, the God of your father Abraham and the God of Isaac. I will give you and your descendants the land on which you are lying. Your descendants will be like the dust of the earth. I am with you and will watch over you wherever you go."	Hebrews 11:20-21 بِالإِيمَانِ إِسْحَاقُ بَارَكَ يَعْقُوبَ وَعِيسُوَ مِنْ جِهَةِ أُمُورٍ عَتِيدَةٍ. بِالإِيمَانِ يَعْقُوبُ عِنْدَ مَوْتِهِ بَارَكَ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنِ ابْنَيْ يُوسُفَ، وَسَجَدَ عَلَى رَأْسِ عَصَاهُ. By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau in regard to their future. (20) By faith Jacob, when he was dying, blessed each of Joseph's sons, and worshiped as he leaned on the top of his staff. (21)	—	—	—	—
Deathbed Counsel وصية يعقوب	Al-Baqarah 2:132-133 وَوَصَّىٰ بِهَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ بَنِيهِ وَيَعْقُوبُ يَا بَنِيَّ إِنَّ اللَّهَ اصْطَفَىٰ لَكُمُ الدِّينَ فَلَا تَمُوتُنَّ إِلَّا وَأَنتُم مُّسْلِمُونَ ﴿١٣٢﴾ أَمْ كُنتُمْ شُهَدَاءَ إِذْ حَضَرَ يَعْقُوبَ الْمَوْتُ إِذْ قَالَ لِبَنِيهِ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن بَعْدِي قَالُوا نَعْبُدُ إِلَـٰهَكَ وَإِلَـٰهَ آبَائِكَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ إِلَـٰهًا وَاحِدًا وَنَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ ﴿١٣٣﴾ And Abraham instructed his sons [to do the same] and [so did] Jacob, [saying], "O my sons, indeed Allah has chosen for you this religion, so do not die except while you are Muslims." (132) Or were you witnesses when death approached Jacob, when he said to his sons, "What will you worship after me?" They said, "We will worship your God and the God of your fathers, Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac — one God. And we are Muslims [in submission] to Him." (133) Yusuf 12:96-98 فَلَمَّا أَن جَاءَ الْبَشِيرُ أَلْقَاهُ عَلَىٰ وَجْهِهِ فَارْتَدَّ بَصِيرًا ۖ قَالَ أَلَمْ أَقُل لَّكُمْ إِنِّي أَعْلَمُ مِنَ اللَّهِ مَا لَا تَعْلَمُونَ ﴿٩٦﴾ قَالُوا يَا أَبَانَا اسْتَغْفِرْ لَنَا ذُنُوبَنَا إِنَّا كُنَّا خَاطِئِينَ ﴿٩٧﴾ قَالَ سَوْفَ أَسْتَغْفِرُ لَكُمْ رَبِّي ۖ إِنَّهُ هُوَ الْغَفُورُ الرَّحِيمُ ﴿٩٨﴾ And when the bearer of good tidings arrived, he cast it over his face, and he returned [once again] seeing. He said, "Did I not tell you that I know from Allah that which you do not know?" (96) They said, "O our father, ask for us forgiveness of our sins; indeed, we have been sinners." (97) He said, "I will ask forgiveness for you from my Lord. Indeed, it is He who is the Forgiving, the Merciful." (98) Yusuf 12:67-68 وَقَالَ يَا بَنِيَّ لَا تَدْخُلُوا مِن بَابٍ وَاحِدٍ وَادْخُلُوا مِنْ أَبْوَابٍ مُّتَفَرِّقَةٍ ۖ وَمَا أُغْنِي عَنكُم مِّنَ اللَّهِ مِن شَيْءٍ ۖ إِنِ الْحُكْمُ إِلَّا لِلَّهِ ۖ عَلَيْهِ تَوَكَّلْتُ ۖ وَعَلَيْهِ فَلْيَتَوَكَّلِ الْمُتَوَكِّلُونَ ﴿٦٧﴾ وَلَمَّا دَخَلُوا مِنْ حَيْثُ أَمَرَهُمْ أَبُوهُم مَّا كَانَ يُغْنِي عَنْهُم مِّنَ اللَّهِ مِن شَيْءٍ إِلَّا حَاجَةً فِي نَفْسِ يَعْقُوبَ قَضَاهَا ۚ وَإِنَّهُ لَذُو عِلْمٍ لِّمَا عَلَّمْنَاهُ وَلَـٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَ النَّاسِ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ﴿٦٨﴾ And he said, "O my sons, do not enter from one gate but enter from different gates; and I cannot avail you against [the decree of] Allah at all. The decision is only for Allah; upon Him I have relied, and upon Him let those who would rely [indeed] rely." (67) And when they entered from where their father had ordered them, it did not avail them against Allah at all except [it was] a need within the soul of Jacob, which he satisfied. And indeed, he was a possessor of knowledge because of what We had taught him, but most of the people do not know. (68)	Genesis 32:24-30 فَبَقِيَ يَعْقُوبُ وَحْدَهُ، وَصَارَعَهُ إِنْسَانٌ حَتَّى طُلُوعِ الْفَجْرِ. وَلَمَّا رَأَى أَنَّهُ لاَ يَقْدِرُ عَلَيْهِ، ضَرَبَ حُقَّ فَخْذِهِ، فَانْخَلَعَ حُقُّ فَخْذِ يَعْقُوبَ فِي مُصَارَعَتِهِ مَعَهُ. وَقَالَ: «أَطْلِقْنِي، لأَنَّهُ قَدْ طَلَعَ الْفَجْرُ». فَقَالَ: «لاَ أُطْلِقُكَ إِنْ لَمْ تُبَارِكْنِي». فَقَالَ لَهُ: «مَا اسْمُكَ؟» فَقَالَ: «يَعْقُوبُ». فَقَالَ: «لاَ يُدْعَى اسْمُكَ فِي مَا بَعْدُ يَعْقُوبَ بَلْ إِسْرَائِيلَ، لأَنَّكَ جَاهَدْتَ مَعَ اللهِ وَالنَّاسِ وَقَدَرْتَ». فَدَعَا يَعْقُوبُ اسْمَ الْمَكَانِ «فَنِيئِيلَ» قَائِلًا: «لأَنِّي نَظَرْتُ اللهَ وَجْهًا لِوَجْهٍ، وَنُجِّيَتْ نَفْسِي». So Jacob was left alone, and a man wrestled with him till daybreak. When the man saw that he could not overpower him, he touched the socket of Jacob's hip so that his hip was wrenched as he wrestled with the man. Then the man said, "Let me go, for it is daybreak." But Jacob replied, "I will not let you go unless you bless me." The man asked him, "What is your name?" "Jacob," he answered. Then the man said, "Your name will no longer be Jacob, but Israel, because you have struggled with God and with humans and have overcome." So Jacob called the place Peniel, saying, "It is because I saw God face to face, and yet my life was spared."	—	—	—	—	—
Jacob's Ladder سلّم يعقوب	—	—	—	Hullin 91a-b "وحلم وإذا سُلّم منصوب على الأرض ورأسه يمسّ السماء." قال رابي شمعون بن لاقيش: أراه الله ليعقوب ملائكة أربع ممالك — يصعدون وينزلون. صعد ملاك بابل سبعين درجة ونزل، وصعد ملاك مادي وفارس... "And he dreamed, and behold a ladder set up on the earth, and the top of it reached to heaven." Rabbi Shimon ben Lakish said: God showed Jacob the angels of four kingdoms ascending and descending — the angel of Babylon ascended seventy rungs and descended, the angel of Media and Persia... Bereishit Rabbah 68:12 قال رابي يهوشع بن لوي: "وإذا ملائكة الله صاعدة ونازلة عليه" — "عليه" أي على يعقوب. الملائكة الذين كانوا يرافقونه في أرض إسرائيل صعدوا، ونزلت ملائكة خارج الأرض لمرافقته. Rabbi Yehoshua ben Levi said: "And behold, angels of God ascending and descending on it" — "on it" meaning on Jacob. The angels who accompanied him in the Land of Israel ascended, and the angels of outside the Land descended to accompany him.	—	—	—
Patriarch of the Faithful أبو المؤمنين	—	—	—	—	—	Denkard 7:3.2-4 إنّ آباء الدين (بورويوتكيشان) حملوا الإيمان من جيل إلى جيل، وكلّ أبٍ أوصى بنيه بعبادة أهورا مزدا وحده واتّباع أشا (الحقّ). وأقاموا سلسلة النبوّة من خلال ذريّتهم حتى ظهور المُنقذ. The fathers of the faith (Paoiryotkaesha) carried the religion from generation to generation, and each father charged his sons with the worship of Ahura Mazda alone and the following of Asha (Truth). They established the chain of prophecy through their descendants until the coming of the Savior.	—
Heavenly Ladder السلّم السماوي	—	—	—	—	—	—	Ladder of Jacob 1:3-10 ورأيت سلّماً منصوباً على الأرض ورأسه يبلغ السماء. وكان للسلّم اثنتا عشرة درجة، وعلى كلّ درجة إلى اليمين واليسار وجوه بشرية. وكان وجه أعلى درجة كوجه إنسان منحوت من نار، وكان مهيباً يفوق كلّ الوجوه. "And I saw a ladder set up on the earth, and its top reached to heaven. And the ladder had twelve steps, and on each step to the right and to the left were human faces. And the face at the highest step was like the face of a man carved from fire, and it was awe-inspiring beyond all the faces." Ladder of Jacob 5:1-6 وسمعت صوتاً من أعلى السلّم يقول: "يا يعقوب، يعقوب!" فقلت: "ها أنا ذا يا ربّ." فقال: "أنت الذي سمّيته إسرائيل، إسرائيل الذي يعني الرجل الذي يرى الله. لأنك رأيت السلّم الذي يصل بين الأرض والسماء." "And I heard a voice from above the ladder saying: 'Jacob, Jacob!' And I said: 'Here I am, Lord.' And he said: 'You whom I have called Israel, Israel which means a man who sees God. For you have seen the ladder which connects earth and heaven.'"
Prayer الصلاة	—	—	—	—	—	—	Prayer of Jacob 1 أيّها الآب الأبدي، يا إله كلّ الآباء، يا إله إبراهيم وإسحاق، يا من خلق كلّ شيء. أدعوك أنا يعقوب عبدك. أنت الذي أعطيتني اسم إسرائيل. أنت الذي باركتني ووعدتني أنّ نسلي سيكون كرمال البحر. "O Father of the ages, God of all the fathers, God of Abraham and Isaac, who created all things. I call upon you, I Jacob your servant. You who gave me the name Israel. You who blessed me and promised me that my seed would be as the sand of the sea."