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Moses (Musa)
موسى (كليم الله)
c. 1400–1200 BCE
The most frequently mentioned prophet in the Quran. Liberated the Israelites from Pharaoh's tyranny. Received the Torah on Mount Sinai. Parted the Red Sea by God's command. Known as Kalimullah (one who spoke with God).
Timeline
1400 BCE
Born during Pharaoh's decree
الولادة في عهد فرعون
Born to an Israelite family during Pharaoh's decree to kill all newborn Hebrew boys
Placed in the river basket
إلقاؤه في اليمّ
His mother, inspired by God, places him in a basket in the Nile to save his life
1395 BCE
Raised in Pharaoh's palace
التربية في قصر فرعون
Pharaoh's wife finds him and raises him as her own in the royal palace
1360 BCE
Flees to Midian
الفرار إلى مدين
After accidentally killing an Egyptian, Moses flees to Midian where he marries and tends sheep
1350 BCE
The Burning Bush
الشجرة المباركة
God speaks to Moses from a burning bush on Mount Sinai, calling him to prophethood
Confronts Pharaoh
مواجهة فرعون
Returns to Egypt and demands Pharaoh release the Israelites; performs signs and miracles
1347 BCE
Plagues on Egypt
الآيات والابتلاءات
God sends plagues upon Egypt — flood, locusts, lice, frogs, and blood — but Pharaoh refuses
1346 BCE
Exodus and parting the Red Sea
الخروج وشقّ البحر
Moses leads the Israelites out of Egypt; strikes the sea with his staff and it parts
Receives Torah at Sinai
تلقّي التوراة في سيناء
Moses spends forty nights on Mount Sinai and receives the Tablets of the Law
1306 BCE
Forty years in the wilderness
أربعون سنة في التيه
The Israelites wander in the wilderness for forty years as a trial
Dies before the Promised Land
الوفاة قبل الأرض الموعودة
Moses passes away at Mount Nebo, overlooking but not entering the Promised Land
Scripture Comparison
Theme الموضوع | Quran القرآن الكريم | Torah / Old Testament التوراة | New Testament العهد الجديد | Talmud / Midrash التلمود / المدراش | Book of Mormon كتاب مورمون | Avesta الأفستا | Gnostic Texts النصوص الغنوصية |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Birth & Rescue الولادة والإنقاذ | Al-Qasas 28:7-13
وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ أُمِّ مُوسَىٰ أَنْ أَرْضِعِيهِ ۖ فَإِذَا خِفْتِ عَلَيْهِ فَأَلْقِيهِ فِي الْيَمِّ وَلَا تَخَافِي وَلَا تَحْزَنِي ۖ إِنَّا رَادُّوهُ إِلَيْكِ وَجَاعِلُوهُ مِنَ الْمُرْسَلِينَ ﴿٧﴾ فَالْتَقَطَهُ آلُ فِرْعَوْنَ لِيَكُونَ لَهُمْ عَدُوًّا وَحَزَنًا ۗ إِنَّ فِرْعَوْنَ وَهَامَانَ وَجُنُودَهُمَا كَانُوا خَاطِئِينَ ﴿٨﴾ وَقَالَتِ امْرَأَتُ فِرْعَوْنَ قُرَّتُ عَيْنٍ لِّي وَلَكَ ۖ لَا تَقْتُلُوهُ عَسَىٰ أَن يَنفَعَنَا أَوْ نَتَّخِذَهُ وَلَدًا وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ ﴿٩﴾ وَأَصْبَحَ فُؤَادُ أُمِّ مُوسَىٰ فَارِغًا ۖ إِن كَادَتْ لَتُبْدِي بِهِ لَوْلَا أَن رَّبَطْنَا عَلَىٰ قَلْبِهَا لِتَكُونَ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ ﴿١٠﴾ وَقَالَتْ لِأُخْتِهِ قُصِّيهِ ۖ فَبَصُرَتْ بِهِ عَن جُنُبٍ وَهُمْ لَا يَشْعُرُونَ ﴿١١﴾ وَحَرَّمْنَا عَلَيْهِ الْمَرَاضِعَ مِن قَبْلُ فَقَالَتْ هَلْ أَدُلُّكُمْ عَلَىٰ أَهْلِ بَيْتٍ يَكْفُلُونَهُ لَكُمْ وَهُمْ لَهُ نَاصِحُونَ ﴿١٢﴾ فَرَدَدْنَاهُ إِلَىٰ أُمِّهِ كَيْ تَقَرَّ عَيْنُهَا وَلَا تَحْزَنَ وَلِتَعْلَمَ أَنَّ وَعْدَ اللَّهِ حَقٌّ وَلَـٰكِنَّ أَكْثَرَهُمْ لَا يَعْلَمُونَ ﴿١٣﴾
And We inspired to the mother of Moses, "Suckle him; but when you fear for him, cast him into the river and do not fear and do not grieve. Indeed, We will return him to you and will make him [one] of the messengers." (7) And the family of Pharaoh picked him up [out of the river] so that he would become to them an enemy and a [cause of] grief. Indeed, Pharaoh and Haman and their soldiers were deliberate sinners. (8) And the wife of Pharaoh said, "[He will be] a comfort of the eye for me and for you. Do not kill him; perhaps he may benefit us, or we may adopt him as a son." And they perceived not. (9) And the heart of Moses' mother became empty. She was about to disclose [the matter concerning] him, had We not bound fast her heart that she would be of the believers. (10) And she said to his sister, "Follow him"; so she watched him from a distance while they perceived not. (11) And We had prevented from him [all] wet nurses before, so she said, "Shall I direct you to a household that will be responsible for him for you while they are to him sincere?" (12) So We restored him to his mother that she might be content and not grieve and that she would know that the promise of Allah is true. But most of them do not know. (13)
| Exodus 2:1-10
وَذَهَبَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ بَيْتِ لاَوِي وَأَخَذَ بِنْتَ لاَوِي. فَحَبِلَتِ الْمَرْأَةُ وَوَلَدَتِ ابْنًا. وَلَمَّا رَأَتْهُ أَنَّهُ حَسَنٌ، خَبَّأَتْهُ ثَلاَثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ. وَلَمَّا لَمْ يُمْكِنْهَا أَنْ تُخَبِّئَهُ بَعْدُ، أَخَذَتْ لَهُ سَفَطًا مِنَ الْبَرْدِيِّ وَطَلَتْهُ بِالْحُمَرِ وَالزِّفْتِ، وَوَضَعَتِ الْوَلَدَ فِيهِ وَوَضَعَتْهُ بَيْنَ الْحَلْفَاءِ عَلَى حَافَةِ النَّهْرِ. فَنَزَلَتِ ابْنَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ إِلَى النَّهْرِ لِتَغْتَسِلَ. فَرَأَتِ السَّفَطَ بَيْنَ الْحَلْفَاءِ. فَلَمَّا فَتَحَتْهُ رَأَتِ الْوَلَدَ، وَإِذَا هُوَ صَبِيٌّ يَبْكِي. فَرَقَّتْ لَهُ وَقَالَتْ: «هذَا مِنْ أَوْلاَدِ الْعِبْرَانِيِّينَ». فَدَعَتِ ابْنَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ اسْمَهُ مُوسَى وَقَالَتْ: «إِنِّي انْتَشَلْتُهُ مِنَ الْمَاءِ».
Now a man of the tribe of Levi married a Levite woman, and she became pregnant and gave birth to a son. When she saw that he was a fine child, she hid him for three months. But when she could hide him no longer, she got a papyrus basket for him and coated it with tar and pitch. Then she placed the child in it and put it among the reeds along the bank of the Nile. Then Pharaoh's daughter went down to the Nile to bathe. She saw the basket among the reeds. She opened it and saw the baby. He was crying, and she felt sorry for him. "This is one of the Hebrew babies," she said. Pharaoh's daughter named him Moses, saying, "I drew him out of the water."
| Acts 7:20-22
فِي ذلِكَ الْوَقْتِ وُلِدَ مُوسَى وَكَانَ جَمِيلًا جِدًّا، فَرُبِّيَ هذَا ثَلاَثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ فِي بَيْتِ أَبِيهِ. وَلَمَّا نُبِذَ، اتَّخَذَتْهُ ابْنَةُ فِرْعَوْنَ وَرَبَّتْهُ لِنَفْسِهَا ابْنًا. فَتَهَذَّبَ مُوسَى بِكُلِّ حِكْمَةِ الْمِصْرِيِّينَ، وَكَانَ مُقْتَدِرًا فِي الْكَلاَمِ وَالأَعْمَالِ.
At that time Moses was born, and he was no ordinary child. For three months he was cared for by his family. When he was placed outside, Pharaoh's daughter took him and brought him up as her own son. Moses was educated in all the wisdom of the Egyptians and was powerful in speech and action.
| Sotah 12a
عندما وُلد موسى امتلأ البيت كلّه نوراً. قالت أمّه: رأت فيه أنه كان جيداً — أي أن البيت امتلأ نوراً عند ولادته.
When Moses was born, the entire house was filled with light. His mother said: She saw that he was "good" — meaning that the house was filled with light at his birth.
Shemot Rabbah 1:20-24
قالت ابنة فرعون: "هذا من أولاد العبرانيين." فكيف عرفت؟ قال رابي يوسي بن حنينا: رأت أنه مختون. وفتحت السلّة ورأت الشكينة (الحضور الإلهي) معه.
Pharaoh's daughter said: "This is one of the Hebrew children." How did she know? Rabbi Yose ben Hanina said: She saw that he was circumcised. And she opened the basket and saw the Shekhinah (Divine Presence) with him.
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The Burning Bush الشجرة المباركة | Ta-Ha 20:9-14
وَهَلْ أَتَاكَ حَدِيثُ مُوسَىٰ ﴿٩﴾ إِذْ رَأَىٰ نَارًا فَقَالَ لِأَهْلِهِ امْكُثُوا إِنِّي آنَسْتُ نَارًا لَّعَلِّي آتِيكُم مِّنْهَا بِقَبَسٍ أَوْ أَجِدُ عَلَى النَّارِ هُدًى ﴿١٠﴾ فَلَمَّا أَتَاهَا نُودِيَ يَا مُوسَىٰ ﴿١١﴾ إِنِّي أَنَا رَبُّكَ فَاخْلَعْ نَعْلَيْكَ ۖ إِنَّكَ بِالْوَادِ الْمُقَدَّسِ طُوًى ﴿١٢﴾ وَأَنَا اخْتَرْتُكَ فَاسْتَمِعْ لِمَا يُوحَىٰ ﴿١٣﴾ إِنَّنِي أَنَا اللَّهُ لَا إِلَـٰهَ إِلَّا أَنَا فَاعْبُدْنِي وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي ﴿١٤﴾
And has the story of Moses reached you? (9) When he saw a fire and said to his family, "Stay here; indeed, I have perceived a fire; perhaps I can bring you a torch or find at the fire some guidance." (10) And when he came to it, he was called, "O Moses, (11) Indeed, I am your Lord, so remove your sandals. Indeed, you are in the sacred valley of Tuwa. (12) And I have chosen you, so listen to what is revealed [to you]. (13) Indeed, I am Allah. There is no deity except Me, so worship Me and establish prayer for My remembrance. (14)
Al-Qasas 28:29-30
فَلَمَّا قَضَىٰ مُوسَى الْأَجَلَ وَسَارَ بِأَهْلِهِ آنَسَ مِن جَانِبِ الطُّورِ نَارًا قَالَ لِأَهْلِهِ امْكُثُوا إِنِّي آنَسْتُ نَارًا لَّعَلِّي آتِيكُم مِّنْهَا بِخَبَرٍ أَوْ جَذْوَةٍ مِّنَ النَّارِ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَصْطَلُونَ ﴿٢٩﴾ فَلَمَّا أَتَاهَا نُودِيَ مِن شَاطِئِ الْوَادِ الْأَيْمَنِ فِي الْبُقْعَةِ الْمُبَارَكَةِ مِنَ الشَّجَرَةِ أَن يَا مُوسَىٰ إِنِّي أَنَا اللَّهُ رَبُّ الْعَالَمِينَ ﴿٣٠﴾
And when Moses had completed the term and was traveling with his family, he perceived from the direction of the mount [Sinai] a fire. He said to his family, "Stay here; indeed, I have perceived a fire. Perhaps I will bring you from there [some] information or burning wood from the fire that you may warm yourselves." (29) But when he came to it, he was called from the right side of the valley in a blessed spot — from the tree, "O Moses, indeed I am Allah, Lord of the worlds." (30)
| Exodus 3:1-6
وَأَمَّا مُوسَى فَكَانَ يَرْعَى غَنَمَ يَثْرُونَ حَمِيهِ كَاهِنِ مِدْيَانَ، فَسَاقَ الْغَنَمَ إِلَى وَرَاءِ الْبَرِّيَّةِ وَجَاءَ إِلَى جَبَلِ اللهِ حُورِيبَ. وَظَهَرَ لَهُ مَلاَكُ الرَّبِّ بِلَهِيبِ نَارٍ مِنْ وَسَطِ عُلَّيْقَةٍ. فَنَظَرَ وَإِذَا الْعُلَّيْقَةُ تَتَوَقَّدُ بِالنَّارِ، وَالْعُلَّيْقَةُ لَمْ تَكُنْ تَحْتَرِقُ. فَقَالَ مُوسَى: «أَمِيلُ الآنَ لأَنْظُرَ هذَا الْمَنْظَرَ الْعَظِيمَ». فَلَمَّا رَأَى الرَّبُّ أَنَّهُ مَالَ لِيَنْظُرَ، نَادَاهُ اللهُ مِنْ وَسَطِ الْعُلَّيْقَةِ وَقَالَ: «مُوسَى، مُوسَى!» فَقَالَ: «هأَنَذَا». فَقَالَ: «لاَ تَقْتَرِبْ إِلَى ههُنَا. اخْلَعْ حِذَاءَكَ مِنْ رِجْلَيْكَ، لأَنَّ الْمَوْضِعَ الَّذِي أَنْتَ وَاقِفٌ عَلَيْهِ أَرْضٌ مُقَدَّسَةٌ». ثُمَّ قَالَ: «أَنَا إِلهُ أَبِيكَ، إِلهُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِلهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَإِلهُ يَعْقُوبَ». فَغَطَّى مُوسَى وَجْهَهُ لأَنَّهُ خَافَ أَنْ يَنْظُرَ إِلَى اللهِ.
Now Moses was tending the flock of Jethro his father-in-law, the priest of Midian, and he led the flock to the far side of the wilderness and came to Horeb, the mountain of God. There the angel of the LORD appeared to him in flames of fire from within a bush. Moses saw that though the bush was on fire it did not burn up. So Moses thought, "I will go over and see this strange sight." When the LORD saw that he had gone over to look, God called to him from within the bush, "Moses! Moses!" And Moses said, "Here I am." "Do not come any closer," God said. "Take off your sandals, for the place where you are standing is holy ground." Then he said, "I am the God of your father, the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac and the God of Jacob." At this, Moses hid his face, because he was afraid to look at God.
| Hebrews 11:23-27
بِالإِيمَانِ مُوسَى، لَمَّا وُلِدَ، أَخْفَاهُ أَبَوَاهُ ثَلاَثَةَ أَشْهُرٍ، لأَنَّهُمَا رَأَيَا الصَّبِيَّ جَمِيلًا، وَلَمْ يَخْشَيَا أَمْرَ الْمَلِكِ. بِالإِيمَانِ مُوسَى لَمَّا كَبِرَ أَبَى أَنْ يُدْعَى ابْنَ ابْنَةِ فِرْعَوْنَ، مُفَضِّلًا بِالأَحْرَى أَنْ يُذَلَّ مَعَ شَعْبِ اللهِ عَلَى أَنْ يَكُونَ لَهُ تَمَتُّعٌ وَقْتِيٌّ بِالْخَطِيَّةِ. بِالإِيمَانِ تَرَكَ مِصْرَ غَيْرَ خَائِفٍ مِنْ غَضَبِ الْمَلِكِ، لأَنَّهُ تَشَدَّدَ كَأَنَّهُ يَرَى مَنْ لاَ يُرَى.
By faith Moses' parents hid him for three months after he was born, because they saw he was no ordinary child, and they were not afraid of the king's edict. By faith Moses, when he had grown up, refused to be known as the son of Pharaoh's daughter. He chose to be mistreated along with the people of God rather than to enjoy the fleeting pleasures of sin. By faith he left Egypt, not fearing the king's anger; he persevered because he saw him who is invisible.
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Parting the Sea شقّ البحر | Ash-Shu'ara 26:60-67
فَأَتْبَعُوهُم مُّشْرِقِينَ ﴿٦٠﴾ فَلَمَّا تَرَاءَى الْجَمْعَانِ قَالَ أَصْحَابُ مُوسَىٰ إِنَّا لَمُدْرَكُونَ ﴿٦١﴾ قَالَ كَلَّا ۖ إِنَّ مَعِيَ رَبِّي سَيَهْدِينِ ﴿٦٢﴾ فَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَىٰ مُوسَىٰ أَنِ اضْرِب بِّعَصَاكَ الْبَحْرَ ۖ فَانفَلَقَ فَكَانَ كُلُّ فِرْقٍ كَالطَّوْدِ الْعَظِيمِ ﴿٦٣﴾ وَأَزْلَفْنَا ثَمَّ الْآخَرِينَ ﴿٦٤﴾ وَأَنجَيْنَا مُوسَىٰ وَمَن مَّعَهُ أَجْمَعِينَ ﴿٦٥﴾ ثُمَّ أَغْرَقْنَا الْآخَرِينَ ﴿٦٦﴾ إِنَّ فِي ذَٰلِكَ لَآيَةً ۖ وَمَا كَانَ أَكْثَرُهُم مُّؤْمِنِينَ ﴿٦٧﴾
So they pursued them at sunrise. (60) And when the two companies saw one another, the companions of Moses said, "Indeed, we are to be overtaken!" (61) [Moses] said, "No! Indeed, with me is my Lord; He will guide me." (62) Then We inspired to Moses, "Strike with your staff the sea," and it parted, and each portion was like a great towering mountain. (63) And We advanced thereto the pursuers. (64) And We saved Moses and those with him, all together. (65) Then We drowned the others. (66) Indeed in that is a sign, but most of them were not to be believers. (67)
Al-A'raf 7:136-138
فَانتَقَمْنَا مِنْهُمْ فَأَغْرَقْنَاهُمْ فِي الْيَمِّ بِأَنَّهُمْ كَذَّبُوا بِآيَاتِنَا وَكَانُوا عَنْهَا غَافِلِينَ ﴿١٣٦﴾ وَأَوْرَثْنَا الْقَوْمَ الَّذِينَ كَانُوا يُسْتَضْعَفُونَ مَشَارِقَ الْأَرْضِ وَمَغَارِبَهَا الَّتِي بَارَكْنَا فِيهَا ۖ وَتَمَّتْ كَلِمَتُ رَبِّكَ الْحُسْنَىٰ عَلَىٰ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ بِمَا صَبَرُوا ۖ وَدَمَّرْنَا مَا كَانَ يَصْنَعُ فِرْعَوْنُ وَقَوْمُهُ وَمَا كَانُوا يَعْرِشُونَ ﴿١٣٧﴾ وَجَاوَزْنَا بِبَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْبَحْرَ فَأَتَوْا عَلَىٰ قَوْمٍ يَعْكُفُونَ عَلَىٰ أَصْنَامٍ لَّهُمْ ﴿١٣٨﴾
So We took retribution from them, and We drowned them in the sea because they denied Our signs and were heedless of them. (136) And We caused the people who had been oppressed to inherit the eastern regions of the land and the western ones, which We had blessed. And the good word of your Lord was fulfilled for the Children of Israel because of what they had patiently endured. And We destroyed what Pharaoh and his people were producing and what they had been building. (137) And We took the Children of Israel across the sea; then they came upon a people devoted to idols of theirs. (138)
| Exodus 14:21-28
فَمَدَّ مُوسَى يَدَهُ عَلَى الْبَحْرِ، فَأَجْرَى الرَّبُّ الْبَحْرَ بِرِيحٍ شَرْقِيَّةٍ شَدِيدَةٍ كُلَّ اللَّيْلِ وَجَعَلَ الْبَحْرَ يَابِسَةً وَانْشَقَّ الْمَاءُ. فَدَخَلَ بَنُو إِسْرَائِيلَ فِي وَسَطِ الْبَحْرِ عَلَى الْيَابِسَةِ، وَالْمَاءُ سُورٌ لَهُمْ عَنْ يَمِينِهِمْ وَعَنْ يَسَارِهِمْ. وَتَبِعَهُمُ الْمِصْرِيُّونَ وَدَخَلُوا وَرَاءَهُمْ. فَمَدَّ مُوسَى يَدَهُ عَلَى الْبَحْرِ، فَرَجَعَ الْبَحْرُ عِنْدَ إِقْبَالِ الصُّبْحِ إِلَى حَالِهِ الدَّائِمَةِ، وَالْمِصْرِيُّونَ هَارِبُونَ إِلَى لِقَائِهِ. فَدَفَعَ الرَّبُّ الْمِصْرِيِّينَ فِي وَسَطِ الْبَحْرِ. فَرَجَعَ الْمَاءُ وَغَطَّى مَرْكَبَاتِ وَفُرْسَانَ جَمِيعِ جَيْشِ فِرْعَوْنَ. لَمْ يَبْقَ مِنْهُمْ وَلاَ وَاحِدٌ.
Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and all that night the LORD drove the sea back with a strong east wind and turned it into dry land. The waters were divided, and the Israelites went through the sea on dry ground, with a wall of water on their right and on their left. The Egyptians pursued them, and all Pharaoh's horses and chariots and horsemen followed them into the sea. Then Moses stretched out his hand over the sea, and at daybreak the sea went back to its place. The Egyptians were fleeing toward it, and the LORD swept the Egyptians into the sea. The water flowed back and covered the chariots and horsemen — the entire army of Pharaoh. Not one of them survived.
| Hebrews 11:29
بِالإِيمَانِ اجْتَازُوا فِي الْبَحْرِ الأَحْمَرِ كَمَا فِي الْيَابِسَةِ، الأَمْرُ الَّذِي لَمَّا شَرَعَ فِيهِ الْمِصْرِيُّونَ غَرِقُوا.
By faith the people passed through the Red Sea as on dry land; but when the Egyptians tried to do so, they were drowned.
| Berakhot 32a
قال الله القدوس تبارك وتعالى لموسى: يا موسى، بنو إسرائيل في ضيق — البحر يغلق عليهم والعدو يطاردهم — وأنت تقف وتطيل في الصلاة! قال موسى: يا رب، وماذا أفعل؟ قال له: ارفع عصاك وابسط يدك على البحر وشُقّه.
The Holy One, blessed be He, said to Moses: "Moses! My children are in distress — the sea is closing in on them and the enemy pursues them — and you stand and pray at length!" Moses said: "Lord, what should I do?" He said to him: "Lift up your rod and stretch out your hand over the sea and divide it."
| 1 Nephi 17:23-29
أما تعلمون أن بني إسرائيل كانوا في العبودية وأنهم أُثقلوا بأعمال شاقّة؟ فتعلمون أن موسى أُمر من الرب بأن يصنع ذلك العمل العظيم، وهو إخراجهم من العبودية. وتعلمون أيضاً أنه بكلمته شُقّ البحر الأحمر.
"Know ye not that the children of Israel were in bondage; and ye know that they were laden with tasks, which were grievous to be borne? Ye know that Moses was commanded of the Lord to do that great work; and ye know that by his word the waters of the Red Sea were divided."
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The Commandments الوصايا | Al-A'raf 7:142-145
وَوَاعَدْنَا مُوسَىٰ ثَلَاثِينَ لَيْلَةً وَأَتْمَمْنَاهَا بِعَشْرٍ فَتَمَّ مِيقَاتُ رَبِّهِ أَرْبَعِينَ لَيْلَةً ۚ وَقَالَ مُوسَىٰ لِأَخِيهِ هَارُونَ اخْلُفْنِي فِي قَوْمِي وَأَصْلِحْ وَلَا تَتَّبِعْ سَبِيلَ الْمُفْسِدِينَ ﴿١٤٢﴾ وَلَمَّا جَاءَ مُوسَىٰ لِمِيقَاتِنَا وَكَلَّمَهُ رَبُّهُ قَالَ رَبِّ أَرِنِي أَنظُرْ إِلَيْكَ ۚ قَالَ لَن تَرَانِي وَلَـٰكِنِ انظُرْ إِلَى الْجَبَلِ فَإِنِ اسْتَقَرَّ مَكَانَهُ فَسَوْفَ تَرَانِي ۚ فَلَمَّا تَجَلَّىٰ رَبُّهُ لِلْجَبَلِ جَعَلَهُ دَكًّا وَخَرَّ مُوسَىٰ صَعِقًا ﴿١٤٣﴾ قَالَ يَا مُوسَىٰ إِنِّي اصْطَفَيْتُكَ عَلَى النَّاسِ بِرِسَالَاتِي وَبِكَلَامِي فَخُذْ مَا آتَيْتُكَ وَكُن مِّنَ الشَّاكِرِينَ ﴿١٤٤﴾ وَكَتَبْنَا لَهُ فِي الْأَلْوَاحِ مِن كُلِّ شَيْءٍ مَّوْعِظَةً وَتَفْصِيلًا لِّكُلِّ شَيْءٍ فَخُذْهَا بِقُوَّةٍ وَأْمُرْ قَوْمَكَ يَأْخُذُوا بِأَحْسَنِهَا ﴿١٤٥﴾
And We made an appointment with Moses for thirty nights and perfected them by [the addition of] ten; so the term of his Lord was completed as forty nights. And Moses said to his brother Aaron, "Take my place among my people, do right [by them], and do not follow the way of the corrupters." (142) And when Moses arrived at Our appointed time and his Lord spoke to him, he said, "My Lord, show me [Yourself] that I may look at You." [Allah] said, "You will not see Me, but look at the mountain; if it should remain in place, then you will see Me." But when his Lord appeared to the mountain, He rendered it level, and Moses fell unconscious. (143) [Allah] said, "O Moses, I have chosen you over the people with My messages and My words [to you]. So take what I have given you and be among the grateful." (144) And We wrote for him on the tablets [something] of all things — instruction and explanation for all things, [saying], "Take them with determination and order your people to take the best of it." (145)
Al-Baqarah 2:53
وَإِذْ آتَيْنَا مُوسَى الْكِتَابَ وَالْفُرْقَانَ لَعَلَّكُمْ تَهْتَدُونَ ﴿٥٣﴾
And [recall] when We gave Moses the Scripture and criterion that perhaps you would be guided. (53)
| Exodus 20:1-5, 7-8, 12-17
ثُمَّ تَكَلَّمَ اللهُ بِجَمِيعِ هذِهِ الْكَلِمَاتِ قَائِلًا: «أَنَا الرَّبُّ إِلهُكَ الَّذِي أَخْرَجَكَ مِنْ أَرْضِ مِصْرَ مِنْ بَيْتِ الْعُبُودِيَّةِ. لاَ يَكُنْ لَكَ آلِهَةٌ أُخْرَى أَمَامِي. لاَ تَصْنَعْ لَكَ تِمْثَالًا مَنْحُوتًا. لاَ تَنْطِقْ بِاسْمِ الرَّبِّ إِلهِكَ بَاطِلًا. اُذْكُرْ يَوْمَ السَّبْتِ لِتُقَدِّسَهُ. أَكْرِمْ أَبَاكَ وَأُمَّكَ. لاَ تَقْتُلْ. لاَ تَزْنِ. لاَ تَسْرِقْ. لاَ تَشْهَدْ عَلَى قَرِيبِكَ شَهَادَةَ زُورٍ. لاَ تَشْتَهِ بَيْتَ قَرِيبِكَ».
And God spoke all these words: "I am the LORD your God, who brought you out of Egypt, out of the land of slavery. You shall have no other gods before me. You shall not make for yourself an idol. You shall not misuse the name of the LORD your God. Remember the Sabbath day by keeping it holy. Honor your father and your mother. You shall not murder. You shall not commit adultery. You shall not steal. You shall not give false testimony against your neighbor. You shall not covet your neighbor's house."
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The Law الشريعة | — | — | — | — | Mosiah 13:33-34
ألم يقُل موسى نفسه إنّ الله سيُقيم نبيّاً للشعب يكون مثله؟ وكل الأنبياء الذين تنبّأوا منذ بداية العالم — ألم يتكلّموا بصورة أو بأخرى عن هذه الأمور؟
"Did not Moses prophesy unto them concerning the coming of the Messiah, and that God should redeem his people? Yea, and even all the prophets who have prophesied ever since the world began — have they not spoken more or less concerning these things?"
| — | Assumption of Moses 1:14
أنا موسى بن عمرام، الذي أقامه الرب ليكون وسيطاً لعهده. وها أنا أوصيك يا يشوع بن نون، لأنّ الله أعدّك منذ البدء لتكون خليفتي في هذا العهد.
"I am Moses, son of Amram, whom the Lord appointed to be the mediator of His covenant. And behold, I charge you, Joshua son of Nun, for God has prepared you from the beginning to be my successor in this covenant."
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Divine Law الشريعة الإلهية | — | — | — | — | — | Denkard 7:4.3-5
نزل زرادشت من جبل أوشيدرنا حاملاً الشريعة المقدّسة (دين) من أهورا مزدا، وهي أحكام الحقّ (أشا) التي تُنظّم حياة البشر: الفكر الصالح والقول الصالح والعمل الصالح. فأقام العدل بين الناس وميّز الحلال من الحرام بأمر ربّ الحكمة.
Zarathustra descended from the mountain of Ushidarena bearing the sacred law (Daena) from Ahura Mazda — the ordinances of Truth (Asha) that govern the lives of men: good thought, good word, good deed. He established justice among the people and distinguished the lawful from the forbidden by command of the Lord of Wisdom.
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