Ishmael (Ismail)

إسماعيل

c. 1920–1780 BCE

Son of Ibrahim and Hagar. In Islamic tradition, he is the son offered for sacrifice. Co-built the Kaaba with his father. Ancestor of Prophet Muhammad and the Arab peoples.

Timeline

1920 BCE

Birth

الولادة

Born to Ibrahim and Hagar (Hajar) in Canaan, Abraham's firstborn son

1917 BCE

Taken to Mecca

الانتقال إلى مكة

Ibrahim takes Hagar and infant Ismail to the barren valley of Mecca by God's command

Zamzam spring

نبع زمزم

God causes the spring of Zamzam to burst forth for Hagar and Ismail in the desert

1905 BCE

The Sacrifice

الذبح العظيم

Ibrahim is commanded to sacrifice his son; Ismail submits willingly. A ram is sent as ransom.

1880 BCE

Building the Kaaba

بناء الكعبة

Ibrahim and Ismail raise the foundations of the Sacred House (Kaaba) in Mecca

1780 BCE

Father of Arab lineage

أبو النسل العربي

Ismail settles in Mecca, marries, and becomes the ancestor of the Arab peoples and Prophet Muhammad

Scripture Comparison

Theme الموضوع	Quran القرآن الكريم	Torah / Old Testament التوراة	New Testament العهد الجديد	Talmud / Midrash التلمود / المدراش	Book of Mormon كتاب مورمون
The Sacrifice الذبح العظيم	As-Saffat 37:100-107 رَبِّ هَبْ لِي مِنَ الصَّالِحِينَ ﴿١٠٠﴾ فَبَشَّرْنَاهُ بِغُلَامٍ حَلِيمٍ ﴿١٠١﴾ فَلَمَّا بَلَغَ مَعَهُ السَّعْيَ قَالَ يَا بُنَيَّ إِنِّي أَرَىٰ فِي الْمَنَامِ أَنِّي أَذْبَحُكَ فَانظُرْ مَاذَا تَرَىٰ ۚ قَالَ يَا أَبَتِ افْعَلْ مَا تُؤْمَرُ ۖ سَتَجِدُنِي إِن شَاءَ اللَّهُ مِنَ الصَّابِرِينَ ﴿١٠٢﴾ فَلَمَّا أَسْلَمَا وَتَلَّهُ لِلْجَبِينِ ﴿١٠٣﴾ وَنَادَيْنَاهُ أَن يَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ ﴿١٠٤﴾ قَدْ صَدَّقْتَ الرُّؤْيَا ۚ إِنَّا كَذَٰلِكَ نَجْزِي الْمُحْسِنِينَ ﴿١٠٥﴾ إِنَّ هَـٰذَا لَهُوَ الْبَلَاءُ الْمُبِينُ ﴿١٠٦﴾ وَفَدَيْنَاهُ بِذِبْحٍ عَظِيمٍ ﴿١٠٧﴾ "My Lord, grant me [a child] from among the righteous." (100) So We gave him good tidings of a forbearing boy. (101) And when he reached with him [the age of] exertion, he said, "O my son, indeed I have seen in a dream that I [must] sacrifice you, so see what you think." He said, "O my father, do as you are commanded. You will find me, if Allah wills, of the steadfast." (102) And when they had both submitted and he put him down upon his forehead, (103) We called to him, "O Abraham, (104) You have fulfilled the vision." Indeed, We thus reward the doers of good. (105) Indeed, this was the clear trial. (106) And We ransomed him with a great sacrifice. (107)	Genesis 16:11-12 وَقَالَ لَهَا مَلاَكُ الرَّبِّ: «هَا أَنْتِ حُبْلَى فَتَلِدِينَ ابْنًا، وَتَدْعِينَ اسْمَهُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، لأَنَّ الرَّبَّ قَدْ سَمِعَ لِمَذَلَّتِكِ. وَإِنَّهُ يَكُونُ إِنْسَانًا وَحْشِيًّا، يَدُهُ عَلَى كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ، وَيَدُ كُلِّ وَاحِدٍ عَلَيْهِ، وَأَمَامَ جَمِيعِ إِخْوَتِهِ يَسْكُنُ». The angel of the LORD also said to her: "You are now pregnant and you will give birth to a son. You shall name him Ishmael, for the LORD has heard of your misery. He will be a wild donkey of a man; his hand will be against everyone and everyone's hand against him, and he will live in hostility toward all his brothers." Genesis 21:14-20 فَبَكَّرَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ صَبَاحًا وَأَخَذَ خُبْزًا وَقِرْبَةَ مَاءٍ وَأَعْطَاهُمَا لِهَاجَرَ، وَاضِعًا إِيَّاهُمَا عَلَى كَتِفِهَا، وَالْوَلَدَ، وَصَرَفَهَا. فَمَضَتْ وَتَاهَتْ فِي بَرِّيَّةِ بِئْرِ سَبْعٍ. وَلَمَّا فَرَغَ الْمَاءُ مِنَ الْقِرْبَةِ طَرَحَتِ الْوَلَدَ تَحْتَ إِحْدَى الأَشْجَارِ. فَسَمِعَ اللهُ صَوْتَ الْغُلاَمِ. وَنَادَى مَلاَكُ اللهِ هَاجَرَ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ وَقَالَ لَهَا: «لاَ تَخَافِي، لأَنَّ اللهَ قَدْ سَمِعَ لِصَوْتِ الْغُلاَمِ. قُومِي احْمِلِي الْغُلاَمَ وَشُدِّي يَدَكِ بِهِ، لأَنِّي سَأَجْعَلُهُ أُمَّةً عَظِيمَةً». وَفَتَحَ اللهُ عَيْنَيْهَا فَأَبْصَرَتْ بِئْرَ مَاءٍ. وَكَانَ اللهُ مَعَ الْغُلاَمِ فَكَبِرَ. Early the next morning Abraham took some food and a skin of water and gave them to Hagar. He set them on her shoulders and then sent her off with the boy. She went on her way and wandered in the Desert of Beersheba. When the water in the skin was gone, she put the boy under one of the bushes. God heard the boy crying, and the angel of God called to Hagar from heaven and said to her, "Do not be afraid; God has heard the boy. Lift the boy up and take him by the hand, for I will make him into a great nation." Then God opened her eyes and she saw a well of water. God was with the boy as he grew up.	—	—	—
Building the Kaaba بناء الكعبة	Al-Baqarah 2:125-129 وَإِذْ جَعَلْنَا الْبَيْتَ مَثَابَةً لِّلنَّاسِ وَأَمْنًا وَاتَّخِذُوا مِن مَّقَامِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ مُصَلًّى ۖ وَعَهِدْنَا إِلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ أَن طَهِّرَا بَيْتِيَ لِلطَّائِفِينَ وَالْعَاكِفِينَ وَالرُّكَّعِ السُّجُودِ ﴿١٢٥﴾ وَإِذْ قَالَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ رَبِّ اجْعَلْ هَـٰذَا بَلَدًا آمِنًا وَارْزُقْ أَهْلَهُ مِنَ الثَّمَرَاتِ ﴿١٢٦﴾ وَإِذْ يَرْفَعُ إِبْرَاهِيمُ الْقَوَاعِدَ مِنَ الْبَيْتِ وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ رَبَّنَا تَقَبَّلْ مِنَّا ۖ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ السَّمِيعُ الْعَلِيمُ ﴿١٢٧﴾ رَبَّنَا وَاجْعَلْنَا مُسْلِمَيْنِ لَكَ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّتِنَا أُمَّةً مُّسْلِمَةً لَّكَ ﴿١٢٨﴾ رَبَّنَا وَابْعَثْ فِيهِمْ رَسُولًا مِّنْهُمْ يَتْلُو عَلَيْهِمْ آيَاتِكَ وَيُعَلِّمُهُمُ الْكِتَابَ وَالْحِكْمَةَ وَيُزَكِّيهِمْ ۚ إِنَّكَ أَنتَ الْعَزِيزُ الْحَكِيمُ ﴿١٢٩﴾ And [mention] when We made the House a place of return for the people and [a place of] security. And take from the standing place of Abraham a place of prayer. And We charged Abraham and Ishmael, [saying], "Purify My House for those who perform Tawaf and those who are staying [there] for worship and those who bow and prostrate [in prayer]." (125) And [mention] when Abraham said, "My Lord, make this a secure city and provide its people with fruits." (126) And when Abraham was raising the foundations of the House and [with him] Ishmael, [saying], "Our Lord, accept [this] from us. Indeed You are the Hearing, the Knowing. (127) Our Lord, and make us Muslims [in submission] to You and from our descendants a Muslim nation [in submission] to You." (128) "Our Lord, and send among them a messenger from themselves who will recite to them Your verses and teach them the Book and wisdom and purify them. Indeed, You are the Exalted in Might, the Wise." (129) Maryam 19:54-55 وَاذْكُرْ فِي الْكِتَابِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ ۚ إِنَّهُ كَانَ صَادِقَ الْوَعْدِ وَكَانَ رَسُولًا نَّبِيًّا ﴿٥٤﴾ وَكَانَ يَأْمُرُ أَهْلَهُ بِالصَّلَاةِ وَالزَّكَاةِ وَكَانَ عِندَ رَبِّهِ مَرْضِيًّا ﴿٥٥﴾ And mention in the Book, Ishmael. Indeed, he was true to his promise, and he was a messenger and a prophet. (54) And he used to enjoin on his people prayer and zakah and was to his Lord pleasing. (55)	—	—	—	—
Blessed Lineage النسل المبارك	Al-An'am 6:86 وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَالْيَسَعَ وَيُونُسَ وَلُوطًا ۚ وَكُلًّا فَضَّلْنَا عَلَى الْعَالَمِينَ ﴿٨٦﴾ And Ishmael and Elisha and Jonah and Lot — and all [of them] We preferred over the worlds. (86)	Genesis 25:12-18 وَهذِهِ مَوَالِيدُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ بْنِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، الَّذِي وَلَدَتْهُ هَاجَرُ الْمِصْرِيَّةُ جَارِيَةُ سَارَةَ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ. وَهذِهِ أَسْمَاءُ بَنِي إِسْمَاعِيلَ بِأَسْمَائِهِمْ حَسَبَ مَوَالِيدِهِمْ: نَبَايُوتُ بِكْرُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، وَقِيدَارُ، وَأَدْبَئِيلُ وَمِبْسَامُ. وَهذِهِ سِنُو حَيَاةِ إِسْمَاعِيلَ: مِئَةٌ وَسَبْعٌ وَثَلاَثُونَ سَنَةً. وَأَسْلَمَ رُوحَهُ وَمَاتَ وَانْضَمَّ إِلَى قَوْمِهِ. وَسَكَنُوا مِنْ حَوِيلَةَ إِلَى شُورَ الَّتِي أَمَامَ مِصْرَ. This is the account of the family line of Abraham's son Ishmael, whom Sarah's slave, Hagar the Egyptian, bore to Abraham. These are the names of the sons of Ishmael, listed in the order of their birth: Nebaioth the firstborn of Ishmael, Kedar, Adbeel, Mibsam. Altogether, Ishmael lived a hundred and thirty-seven years. He breathed his last and died, and he was gathered to his people. His descendants settled in the area from Havilah to Shur, near the eastern border of Egypt.	Galatians 4:22-26, 28 فَإِنَّهُ مَكْتُوبٌ أَنَّهُ كَانَ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ ابْنَانِ، وَاحِدٌ مِنَ الْجَارِيَةِ وَالآخَرُ مِنَ الْحُرَّةِ. لكِنَّ الَّذِي مِنَ الْجَارِيَةِ وُلِدَ حَسَبَ الْجَسَدِ، وَالَّذِي مِنَ الْحُرَّةِ فَبِالْمَوْعِدِ. وَكُلُّ ذلِكَ رَمْزٌ، لأَنَّ هَاتَيْنِ هُمَا الْعَهْدَانِ... وَأَمَّا أَنْتُمْ أَيُّهَا الإِخْوَةُ فَنَظِيرُ إِسْحَاقَ، أَوْلاَدُ الْمَوْعِدِ. For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the slave woman and the other by the free woman. His son by the slave woman was born according to the flesh, but his son by the free woman was born as the result of a divine promise. These things are being taken figuratively: The women represent two covenants... Now you, brothers and sisters, like Isaac, are children of promise.	—	—
In the Wilderness في البرية	—	—	—	Pirkei de-Rabbi Eliezer 30 أخذت هاجر قربة ماء ووضعتها على كتفها وأخذت ابنها ومضت. ولما فرغ الماء من القربة طرحت الولد تحت إحدى الأشجار. وبكى إسماعيل فسمع الله صوت الصبي، وأرسل ملاكاً ففتح عينها فرأت بئر ماء. Hagar took a skin of water and placed it on her shoulder, and took her son and went. When the water in the skin was spent, she cast the child under one of the bushes. Ishmael cried, and God heard the voice of the lad, and sent an angel who opened her eyes, and she saw a well of water.	—
Ishmael Joins Lehi's Group انضمام إسماعيل إلى جماعة لاهاي	—	—	—	—	1 Nephi 7:2-5 وكان الأمر أنّ الرب أمر أبي لاهاي أنّ أبناءه يجب أن يأخذوا بنات إلى البرّيّة ليقيموا ذرّيّة للرب. وكان الأمر أنّ أبي أمرني أنا وإخوتي أن نعود إلى أورشليم ونأتي بإسماعيل وأهل بيته إلى البرّيّة. "And it came to pass that the Lord commanded him that I, Nephi, and my brethren, should again return unto the land of Jerusalem, and bring down Ishmael and his family into the wilderness." And it came to pass that they went up unto the house of Ishmael, and they did gain favor in the sight of Ishmael, insomuch that they did speak unto him the words of the Lord.
Death of Ishmael وفاة إسماعيل	—	—	—	—	1 Nephi 16:34-35 وكان الأمر أنّ إسماعيل مات ودُفن في الموضع الذي سُمّي نهوم. وكان الأمر أنّ بنات إسماعيل حزنّ حزناً شديداً على فقدان أبيهنّ. "And it came to pass that Ishmael died, and was buried in the place which was called Nahom. And it came to pass that the daughters of Ishmael did mourn exceedingly, because of the loss of their father."