Isaac (Ishaq)

إسحاق

c. 1900–1720 BCE

Son of Ibrahim and Sarah, born miraculously in their old age. Father of Yaqub (Jacob). In the Torah, he is the son offered for sacrifice. Through him came the tribes of Israel.

Timeline

1900 BCE

Promise of his birth

البشارة بميلاده

Angels announce to Ibrahim and Sarah that they will have a son in their old age

1899 BCE

Birth of Isaac

ولادة إسحاق

Born to Ibrahim and Sarah in Canaan, fulfilling God's promise

1863 BCE

The near-sacrifice (Torah)

الذبح - التوراة

In the Torah account, God tests Abraham by commanding the sacrifice of Isaac on Mount Moriah

1860 BCE

Marriage to Rebecca

الزواج من رفقة

Abraham's servant finds Rebecca (Rivkah) as a wife for Isaac from Abraham's kin

1840 BCE

Birth of Esau and Jacob

ولادة عيسو ويعقوب

Rebecca gives birth to twin sons: Esau and Jacob (Yaqub). Jacob becomes Israel.

Scripture Comparison

Theme الموضوع	Quran القرآن الكريم	Torah / Old Testament التوراة	New Testament العهد الجديد	Talmud / Midrash التلمود / المدراش	Book of Mormon كتاب مورمون	Avesta الأفستا	Gnostic Texts النصوص الغنوصية
Promise & Birth الوعد والميلاد	As-Saffat 37:112-113 وَبَشَّرْنَاهُ بِإِسْحَاقَ نَبِيًّا مِّنَ الصَّالِحِينَ ﴿١١٢﴾ وَبَارَكْنَا عَلَيْهِ وَعَلَىٰ إِسْحَاقَ ۚ وَمِن ذُرِّيَّتِهِمَا مُحْسِنٌ وَظَالِمٌ لِّنَفْسِهِ مُبِينٌ ﴿١١٣﴾ And We gave him good tidings of Isaac, a prophet from among the righteous. (112) And We blessed him and Isaac. But among their descendants is the doer of good and the clearly unjust to himself. (113) Maryam 19:49-50 فَلَمَّا اعْتَزَلَهُمْ وَمَا يَعْبُدُونَ مِن دُونِ اللَّهِ وَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ ۖ وَكُلًّا جَعَلْنَا نَبِيًّا ﴿٤٩﴾ وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُم مِّن رَّحْمَتِنَا وَجَعَلْنَا لَهُمْ لِسَانَ صِدْقٍ عَلِيًّا ﴿٥٠﴾ So when he had left them and those they worshipped other than Allah, We gave him Isaac and Jacob, and each [of them] We made a prophet. (49) And We gave them of Our mercy, and We made for them a reputation of high honor. (50)	Genesis 21:1-7 وَافْتَقَدَ الرَّبُّ سَارَةَ كَمَا قَالَ، وَفَعَلَ الرَّبُّ لِسَارَةَ كَمَا تَكَلَّمَ. فَحَبِلَتْ سَارَةُ وَوَلَدَتْ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ ابْنًا فِي شَيْخُوخَتِهِ، فِي الْوَقْتِ الَّذِي تَكَلَّمَ فِيهِ اللهُ. فَدَعَا إِبْرَاهِيمُ اسْمَ ابْنِهِ الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ الَّذِي وَلَدَتْهُ سَارَةُ «إِسْحَاقَ». وَقَالَتْ سَارَةُ: «قَدْ صَنَعَ إِلَيَّ اللهُ ضِحْكًا. كُلُّ مَنْ يَسْمَعُ يَضْحَكُ لِي». وَقَالَتْ: «مَنْ قَالَ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ: سَارَةُ تُرْضِعُ بَنِينَ؟ حَتَّى وَلَدْتُ ابْنًا فِي شَيْخُوخَتِهِ». Now the LORD was gracious to Sarah as he had said, and the LORD did for Sarah what he had promised. Sarah became pregnant and bore a son to Abraham in his old age, at the very time God had promised him. Abraham gave the name Isaac to the son Sarah bore him. Sarah said, "God has brought me laughter, and everyone who hears about this will laugh with me." And she added, "Who would have said to Abraham that Sarah would nurse children? Yet I have borne him a son in his old age."	—	—	—	—	—
Blessed Lineage النسل المبارك	Al-Anbiya 21:72-73 وَوَهَبْنَا لَهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ نَافِلَةً ۖ وَكُلًّا جَعَلْنَا صَالِحِينَ ﴿٧٢﴾ وَجَعَلْنَاهُمْ أَئِمَّةً يَهْدُونَ بِأَمْرِنَا وَأَوْحَيْنَا إِلَيْهِمْ فِعْلَ الْخَيْرَاتِ وَإِقَامَ الصَّلَاةِ وَإِيتَاءَ الزَّكَاةِ ۖ وَكَانُوا لَنَا عَابِدِينَ ﴿٧٣﴾ And We gave him Isaac and Jacob in addition, and all [of them] We made righteous. (72) And We made them leaders guiding by Our command. And We inspired to them the doing of good deeds, establishment of prayer, and giving of zakah; and they were worshippers of Us. (73) Al-Baqarah 2:133, 136 أَمْ كُنتُمْ شُهَدَاءَ إِذْ حَضَرَ يَعْقُوبَ الْمَوْتُ إِذْ قَالَ لِبَنِيهِ مَا تَعْبُدُونَ مِن بَعْدِي قَالُوا نَعْبُدُ إِلَـٰهَكَ وَإِلَـٰهَ آبَائِكَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ إِلَـٰهًا وَاحِدًا وَنَحْنُ لَهُ مُسْلِمُونَ ﴿١٣٣﴾ قُولُوا آمَنَّا بِاللَّهِ وَمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَيْنَا وَمَا أُنزِلَ إِلَىٰ إِبْرَاهِيمَ وَإِسْمَاعِيلَ وَإِسْحَاقَ وَيَعْقُوبَ وَالْأَسْبَاطِ ﴿١٣٦﴾ Or were you witnesses when death approached Jacob, when he said to his sons, "What will you worship after me?" They said, "We will worship your God and the God of your fathers, Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac — one God. And we are Muslims [in submission] to Him." (133) Say, "We have believed in Allah and what has been revealed to us and what has been revealed to Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the Descendants." (136)	Genesis 26:2-6 وَظَهَرَ لَهُ الرَّبُّ وَقَالَ: «لاَ تَنْزِلْ إِلَى مِصْرَ. اسْكُنْ فِي الأَرْضِ الَّتِي أَقُولُ لَكَ. تَغَرَّبْ فِي هذِهِ الأَرْضِ فَأَكُونَ مَعَكَ وَأُبَارِكَكَ، لأَنِّي لَكَ وَلِنَسْلِكَ أُعْطِي جَمِيعَ هذِهِ الْبِلاَدِ، وَأَفِي بِالْقَسَمِ الَّذِي أَقْسَمْتُ لإِبْرَاهِيمَ أَبِيكَ. وَأُكَثِّرُ نَسْلَكَ كَنُجُومِ السَّمَاءِ، وَأُعْطِي نَسْلَكَ جَمِيعَ هذِهِ الْبِلاَدِ، وَتَتَبَارَكُ فِي نَسْلِكَ جَمِيعُ أُمَمِ الأَرْضِ، مِنْ أَجْلِ أَنَّ إِبْرَاهِيمَ سَمِعَ لِقَوْلِي وَحَفِظَ مَا يُحْفَظُ لِي». فَأَقَامَ إِسْحَاقُ فِي جَرَارَ. The LORD appeared to Isaac and said, "Do not go down to Egypt; live in the land where I tell you to live. Stay in this land for a while, and I will be with you and will bless you. For to you and your descendants I will give all these lands and will confirm the oath I swore to your father Abraham. I will make your descendants as numerous as the stars in the sky and will give them all these lands, and through your offspring all nations on earth will be blessed, because Abraham obeyed me and did everything I required of him." So Isaac stayed in Gerar.	Romans 9:7-10 وَلاَ لأَنَّهُمْ مِنْ نَسْلِ إِبْرَاهِيمَ هُمْ جَمِيعًا أَوْلاَدٌ، بَلْ «بِإِسْحَاقَ يُدْعَى لَكَ نَسْلٌ». أَيْ لَيْسَ أَوْلاَدُ الْجَسَدِ هُمْ أَوْلاَدَ اللهِ، بَلْ أَوْلاَدُ الْمَوْعِدِ يُحْسَبُونَ نَسْلًا. لأَنَّ كَلِمَةَ الْمَوْعِدِ هِيَ هذِهِ: «أَنَا آتِي نَحْوَ هذَا الْوَقْتِ وَيَكُونُ لِسَارَةَ ابْنٌ». وَلَيْسَ ذلِكَ فَقَطْ، بَلْ رِفْقَةُ أَيْضًا وَهِيَ حُبْلَى مِنْ وَاحِدٍ وَهُوَ إِسْحَاقُ أَبُونَا. Nor because they are his descendants are they all Abraham's children. On the contrary, "It is through Isaac that your offspring will be reckoned." In other words, it is not the children by physical descent who are God's children, but it is the children of the promise who are regarded as Abraham's offspring. For this was how the promise was stated: "At the appointed time I will return, and Sarah will have a son." Not only that, but Rebekah's children were conceived at the same time by our father Isaac.	—	—	—	—
The Sacrifice (Torah) الذبح - التوراة	—	Genesis 22:1-2, 9-13 وَحَدَثَ بَعْدَ هذِهِ الأُمُورِ أَنَّ اللهَ امْتَحَنَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، فَقَالَ لَهُ: «خُذِ ابْنَكَ وَحِيدَكَ الَّذِي تُحِبُّهُ إِسْحَاقَ وَاذْهَبْ إِلَى أَرْضِ الْمُرِيَّا، وَأَصْعِدْهُ هُنَاكَ مُحْرَقَةً». فَمَدَّ إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَدَهُ وَأَخَذَ السِّكِّينَ لِيَذْبَحَ ابْنَهُ. فَنَادَاهُ مَلاَكُ الرَّبِّ: «لاَ تَمُدَّ يَدَكَ إِلَى الْغُلاَمِ». فَرَفَعَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ عَيْنَيْهِ وَنَظَرَ وَإِذَا كَبْشٌ وَرَاءَهُ مُمْسَكًا فِي الْغَابَةِ بِقَرْنَيْهِ، فَأَصْعَدَهُ مُحْرَقَةً عِوَضًا عَنِ ابْنِهِ. Some time later God tested Abraham. He said to him, "Take your son, your only son, whom you love—Isaac—and go to the region of Moriah. Sacrifice him there as a burnt offering." Abraham reached out his hand and took the knife to slay his son. But the angel of the LORD called out to him: "Do not lay a hand on the boy." Abraham looked up and there in a thicket he saw a ram caught by its horns. He went over and took the ram and sacrificed it as a burnt offering instead of his son.	Hebrews 11:20 بِالإِيمَانِ إِسْحَاقُ بَارَكَ يَعْقُوبَ وَعِيسُوَ مِنْ جِهَةِ أُمُورٍ عَتِيدَةٍ. By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau in regard to their future.	—	—	—	—
The Sacrifice الذبح العظيم	—	—	—	Bereishit Rabbah 56:1-11 قال إسحاق لأبيه: يا أبتِ، اربطني جيداً لئلّا أتحرك فأُبطل الذبيحة. وقال رابي: الملائكة بكت حتى سقطت دموعهم على عيني إسحاق فأصبح بصره ضعيفاً. Isaac said to his father: "Father, bind me well lest I move and the offering be disqualified." Rabbi said: The angels wept, and their tears fell upon Isaac's eyes, so that his sight became dim.	Jacob 4:5 وها نحن ذا نعلم أنّ إبراهيم عندما أمره الله بتقديم ابنه إسحاق كان ذلك شبيهاً بالله والابن الوحيد المولود. لذلك كان قربان إبراهيم رمزاً لقربان الله وابنه الوحيد. "Behold, we know that Abraham, being commanded of God to offer his son Isaac, which is a similitude of God and his Only Begotten Son; wherefore Abraham's offering was a similitude of God and his Only Begotten Son."	—	—
Promised Son الابن الموعود	—	—	—	—	—	Bundahishn 35:3-4 إنّ أهورا مزدا وعد بأنّ من نسل المؤمنين الأوائل سيخرج مَن يحمل الخفرنه (البركة الإلهية) ويُديم سلالة الصلاح إلى يوم الفراشكرد (التجديد الأخير). فإنّ الابن الموعود هو واسطة العهد بين الخالق والخَلق. Ahura Mazda promised that from the seed of the first believers shall come one who bears the Khvarenah (divine glory) and continues the lineage of righteousness until the day of Frashokereti (the final renovation). The promised son is the medium of the covenant between the Creator and creation.	—
Heavenly Vision الرؤيا السماوية	—	—	—	—	—	—	Testament of Isaac 2-4 وجاء ملاك الربّ إلى إسحاق وقال له: "أبوك إبراهيم يريد أن يراك في السماء." فرأى إسحاق مواضع العذاب المُعدّة للخطاة، ورأى أيضاً مساكن الأبرار المجيدة. وقال الملاك: "هذه هي الأمور المُعدّة لمن يصنعون الرحمة ويحفظون وصايا الله." And the angel of the Lord came to Isaac and said to him: "Your father Abraham wants to see you in heaven." And Isaac saw the places of torment prepared for sinners, and he also saw the glorious dwellings of the righteous. And the angel said: "These are the things prepared for those who practice mercy and keep the commandments of God."
Deathbed Counsel وصية إسحاق	—	—	—	—	—	—	Testament of Isaac 5-6 وأوصى إسحاق ابنه يعقوب قائلاً: "يا بُنيّ، احفظ وصايا الله ولا تنسَ الرحمة مع الفقراء. أَكرِم أباك وأمّك كما أكرمت أنا أبي إبراهيم. والله سيبارك نسلك إلى الأبد." And Isaac charged his son Jacob, saying: "My son, keep the commandments of God and do not forget mercy toward the poor. Honor your father and your mother as I honored my father Abraham. And God will bless your seed forever."